Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) at Two Institutions in Bogotá, Colombia, from 2018 to 2023

Posterior reversible leucoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiological condition with various causal or precipitating factors. Clinically, it is characterised by headache, altered consciousness, visual disturbances and seizures; radiologically, by predominantly posterior, subcortical vasogenic cerebral oedema. The most frequent risk factors or triggers include hypertensive crises, immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory medications, and renal disease, and it may occur in any age group. Some case series report incidences between 2.7 % and 25 % among intensive care unit (ICU) patients, with a higher prevalence in women. Pathophysiological studies have demonstrated impaired cerebral autoregulation, cerebral hyperperfusion with hypertensive ischaemic injury, and endothelial dysfunction.

To describe the demographic, clinical and paraclinical characteristics, as well as the outcomes, of patients with PRES hospitalised at La Cardio Hospital and Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi (Bogotá, Colombia) between January 2018 and December 2023.

This study seeks to broaden understanding of patients with PRES and their clinico-radiological features.